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RESEARCH ARTICLE

Engineered marbled meat through EPA-mediated co-differentiation of porcine muscle and fat progenitors without conventional hormonal induction.

Porcine muscle and fat progenitors were co-cultured to produce marbled cultivated meat without standard hormone-based fat induction. Researchers encapsulated both cell types in an edible carrageenan-konjac glucomannan hydrogel, then used eicosapentaenoic acid to drive differentiation. The scaffold supported cell growth, lipid storage and muscle-tube formation, while avoiding the reduced muscle formation linked to conventional adipogenic cocktails. Compared with horse-serum controls, the product contained more protein and fat. Its hardness and chewiness approached commercial streaky pork, supporting the method’s use for integrated muscle-fat structures.

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